In mechanics, gravity is the universal force of attraction that affects all matter. Gravity is the weakest of the four main basic forces of universe, but on this planet, it is the one that affects us the most. Gravity on our plane affects everything; from people sitting down to the moon that is constantly on the move. Gravity is a force that attracts things to the center of the planet. Our planet being round, we don’t fall out into the space because the gravity holds us to the surface of the earth. Gravity is the traditional source of power for roller coasters, accelerating the cars through all the twists and turns of the ride, from the lift hill through to the brake run.

Studying the earlier works of Galileo and Johannes Kepler, Isaac Newton, a 17th century scientist developed the first quantitative theory of gravitation, which he published in his Principia in 1687. Newton theorized that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This statement became known as the law of universal gravitation.

Newton's law of gravitation is a statement that any particle of matter in the universe attracts any other with a force varying directly as the product of the masses and inversely as the square of the distance between them. In symbols, the magnitude of the attractive force F is equal to G (the gravitational constant, a number the size of which depends on the system of units used and which is a universal constant) multiplied by the product of the masses (m1 and m2) and divided by the square of the distance

R(F=G(m1 m2)/R2).

Isaac Newton put forward the law in 1687 and used it to explain the observed motions of the planets and their moons, which had been reduced to mathematical form by Johannes Kepler early in the 17th century. Isaac Newton came up with the idea when an apple fell on his head, and that’s where he came up with the famous expression, “whatever goes up, must come down.”
According to the Universal Law of Gravitation, the gravity of planet Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s/s.

Gravity, which powers the coaster throughout the entire ride, detaches the car from the lift mechanism and forces it off its highest elevation along the inclined track of the first hill trying to bring it back down. The potential energy of this mechanical system begins conversion into kinetic energy as the coaster reaches a high rate of speed through acceleration.